
Neuro-ophthalmology
This course will cover the most common, critical, and potentially life-threatening neuro-ophthalmic diseases that every eye care provider will encounter.
CONTEXT
In the practice of ophthalmology, you will often encounter patients with neuro-ophthalmologic conditions. These conditions can lead to permanent visual loss and even death. It is essential that one be familiar with these conditions and have knowledge of how to recognize, diagnose and treat these potentially devastating problems.
Major topics covered in this course include optic nerve and pupillary abnormalities, conditions affecting ocular motility, occult visual loss, and neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of selected systemic diseases. Each section will include examination techniques, crucial neuro-ophthalmologic signs and symptoms, clinical findings, and appropriate management.
THE DETAILS
Duration: Approximately 2-4 hours a week for 7 weeks (depending on previous knowledge)
Certificate: 10.5 hours of PAAO Continuing Medical Education on completion
OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this course, the participant will be able to:
- Describe the visual afferent and efferent pathway
- Recognize normal and abnormal optic discs and characterize abnormalities.
- Describe diagnostic and management considerations for the most common optic neuropathies.
- Identify normal and abnormal pupils and characterize pupillary abnormalities.
- Describe the basic concepts of ocular motility examination and identify common ocular motility abnormalities.
- Describe an approach for the patient who has visual loss or symptoms but has a “normal” exam.
- Describe and identify the neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of common systemic diseases.
PROGRAM
- Afferent Visual System
- Optic nerve
- optic neuropathies
- Pupil
- Efferent visual system (ocular motility) infra and supranuclear
- Orbital pathologies with neuro-ophthalmological repercussions
- Unexplained visual loss
COURSE MATERIALS
- Study guides that facilitate the student’s learning process.
- Audiovisual lectures prepared by the teaching team on each topic. These will be available for online reading and in a save/print version.
- Reading material, available in Spanish and/or English in pdf format.
- Concept maps, synoptic charts, tables, and memory aids
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Application activities are used throughout the course consisting of:
- Multiple-choice questions
- Open-ended, self-corrected questions with checklists
- Question and answer forums
Each module will have a final exam that must be passed to move on to the next module. The number of attempts is unlimited, but must be passed to move on to the next module.
The activities will promote the exchange and use of students’ knowledge and experiences and facilitate applying new learning to professional practice.
The teachers in charge of the course will accompany, guide, and encourage the learning process in the individual instances and the collective learning interactions.
Meet Your Faculty

Dra. Emely Zoraida Karam Aguilar
Venezuela
Professor

Dra. Mariana de Virgiliis
Argentina
Professor

Dra. Moira Alstzul
Argentina
Professor

Dr. Luis J. Mejico
USA
Professor

Dr. Eduardo Mayorga
Argentina
Instructional Design
PAAO Member
Resident/Fellow
$100 USD
$130 USD non-member
life-time access
forum support
printable study materials
PAAO Member
Ophthalmologist
$150 USD
$200USD non-member
life-time access
forum support
printable study materials
Ophthalmic
Technician*
$150 USD
USD non-member
life-time access
forum support
printable study materials
*Residents/fellows must submit a letter from their program.
**Technicians must submit a letter from an ophthalmologist.